Abstract: Light field imaging is an imaging method which can acquire the three-dimensional information of the scene. By inserting a microlens array between the main lens and the imaging sensor, it records both the radiance and the direction of the incident rays. Light field imaging using a gradient index liquid crystal microlens array (LCMLA) was proposed. Based on nematic liquid crystal materials for their anisotropy and birefringence, the LCMLA with a pattern of a circular-hole array was fabricated using ultraviolet lithography and wet etching. When an alternate voltage signal was applied between the two electrodes of the LCMLA, each microlens can converge incident rays effectively. An experimental system was set up to verify its focusing performance and measure its focal length. Then the LCMLA was assembled with a main lens and an imaging sensor to construct a light field imaging camera. Raw images were taken using the camera based on LCMLA.