Abstract: A diversified array optical receiving antenna was designed for the problem of alignment difficulty in underwater wireless laser communication systems. The optical structures of the composite optical receiving antenna and diversity array optical receiving antenna were designed by the optical design software Zemax, and the field of view angle, the light gathering efficiency and the light source moving range of the two kinds of antenna were analyzed. Besides, the light gathering efficiency as a function of the light source moving range and the incident angle of the light source of the two kinds of optical receiving antennas was given by experiments and Matlab simulations. The results show that when the light source size is 10 mm, the light gathering efficiency of the composite optical receiving antenna is 0.06%, the receiving field angle is 6, the moving range of the light source is 6 mm. And the light gathering efficiency of the diversity array optical receiving antenna is 0.06%, the receiving field angle is 16, the moving range of the light source is 22 mm. Therefore, the diversity array optical receiving antenna was more suitable for underwater laser communication systems.