Abstract: Evaluation of infrared stealth effectiveness of aircraft imaging targets was important for the development of aircraft's infrared stealth technology and operations of stealth and anti-stealth. An evaluation method for infrared stealth effect of aircraft imaging target was proposed, which was based on the principles of imaging detector and the characteristics of each stage of image processing. The evaluation indexes of aircraft's infrared stealth effectiveness as imaging target which can reflect the influence of background and decoy jamming were established based on multiple infrared image features. Then, the simulation model of infrared imaging detector was established, and the rationality of the evaluation indexes was verified. Finally, based on the evaluation indicators, the effectiveness of different stealth techniques and the application of decoy jamming on the stealth effectiveness of the aircraft were evaluated. The results have instructive meanings for aircraft's infrared stealth and anti-stealth.