| [1] | Javan A, Bennett W R, Herriott D R. Population inversion and continuous optical maser oscillation in a gas discharge containing a he-ne mixture [J]. Phys Rev Lett, 1961, 6: 106-110. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.6.106 |
| [2] | Javan A, Ballik E A, Bond W L, et al. Frequency Characteristics of a Continuous-Wave He–Ne Optical Maser [J]. J Opt Soc Am, 1962, 52: 96-98. doi: 10.1364/JOSA.52.000096 |
| [3] | Mocker H W, Collins R J. Mode competition and self-locking effects in Q-switched ruby laser [J]. Appl Phy Lett, 1965, 7: 270-273. doi: 10.1063/1.1754253 |
| [4] | Fork R L, Greene B I, Shank C V, et al. Generation of optical pulses shorter than 0.1 psec by colliding pulse mode locking [J]. Appl Phy Lett, 1981, 38: 671-672. doi: 10.1063/1.92500 |
| [5] | Strickland D, Mourou G. Compression of amplified chirped optical pulses [J]. Opt Commun, 1985, 55: 447-449. doi: 10.1016/0030-4018(85)90151-8 |
| [6] | Perry M D, Pennington D, Stuart B C, et al. Petawatt laser pulses [J]. Opt Lett, 1999, 24: 160-162. doi: 10.1364/OL.24.000160 |
| [7] | Jones D J, Diddams S A, Ranka J K, et al. Carrier-envelope phase control of femtosecond mode-locked lasers and direct optical frequency synthesis [J]. Science, 2000, 288: 635-639. doi: 10.1126/science.288.5466.635 |
| [8] | Diddams S A, Vahala K, Udem T. Optical frequency combs: Coherently uniting the electromagnetic spectrum [J]. Science, 2020, 369(6501): eaay3676. doi: 10.1126/science.aay3676 |
| [9] | Diddams S A, Udem T, Bergquist J C, et al. An optical clock based on a single trapped 199Hg+ ion [J]. Science, 2001, 293: 825-828. doi: 10.1126/science.1061171 |
| [10] | Diddams S A, Hollberg L, Mbele V. Molecular fingerprinting with the resolved modes of a femtosecond laser frequency comb [J]. Nature, 2007, 445: 627-30. doi: 10.1038/nature05524 |
| [11] | Stowe M C, Thorpe M J, Avi P, et al. Direct frequency comb spectroscopy [J]. Adv At Mol Opt Phys, 2008, 55: 1-60. doi: 10.1016/S1049-250X(07)55001-9 |
| [12] | Cundiff S T, Weiner A M. Optical arbitrary waveform generation [J]. Nat Photonics, 2010, 4: 760-766. doi: 10.1038/nphoton.2010.196 |
| [13] | Bartels A, Diddams S A, Oates C W, et al. Femtosecond-laser-based synthesis of ultrastable microwave signals from optical frequency references [J]. Opt. Lett., 2005, 30: 667-669. doi: 10.1364/OL.30.000667 |
| [14] | Wilken T, Curto G L, Probst R A, et al. A spectrograph for exoplanet observations calibrated at the centimetre-per-second level [J]. Nature, 2012, 485: 611-614. doi: 10.1038/nature11092 |
| [15] | Sizer T. Increase in laser repetition rate by spectral selection [J]. IEEE J Quantum Elect, 1989, 25: 97-103. doi: 10.1109/3.16246 |
| [16] | Herr S, Steinmetz T, Wilken T, et al. Optical mode structure of a harmonically mode-locked Yb femtosecond fiber laser[C]//CLEO: 2011-Laser Science to Photonic Applications. IEEE, 2011: 1-2. |
| [17] | Keller U, Weingarten K J, Kartner F X, et al. Semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAM's) for femtosecond to nanosecond pulse generation in solid-state lasers [J]. IEEE J Sel Top Quant, 1996, 2: 435-453. doi: 10.1109/2944.571743 |
| [18] | Spence D E, Kean P N, Sibbett W, et al. 60-fsec pulse generation from a self-mode-locked Ti: sapphire laser [J]. Opt Lett, 1991, 16: 42-44. doi: 10.1364/OL.16.000042 |
| [19] | Grudinin A B, Gray S. Passive harmonic mode locking in soliton fiber lasers [J]. J Opt Soc Am B, 1997, 14: 144-154. doi: 10.1364/JOSAB.14.000144 |
| [20] | Yang H W, Kim C, Choi S Y, et al. 1.2-GHz repetition rate, diode-pumped femtosecond Yb: KYW laser mode-locked by a carbon nanotube saturable absorber mirror [J]. Opt Express, 2012, 20: 29518-29523. doi: 10.1364/OE.20.029518 |
| [21] | https://yohei.issp.utokyo.ac.jp/worksGHzLaser.html |
| [22] | Ramaswamy-Paye M, Fujimoto J G. Compact dispersion-compensating geometry for Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond lasers [J]. Opt Lett, 1994, 19: 1756-1758. doi: 10.1364/OL.19.001756 |
| [23] | Kärtner F X, Matuschek N, Schibli T, et al. Design and fabrication of double-chirped mirrors [J]. Opt Lett, 1997, 22: 831-833. doi: 10.1364/OL.22.000831 |
| [24] | Hönninger C, Paschotta R, Morier-Genoud F, et al. Q-switching stability limits of continuous-wave passive mode locking [J]. J Opt Soc Am B, 1999, 16: 46-56. doi: 10.1364/JOSAB.16.000046 |
| [25] | Paschotta R, Krainer L, Lecomte S, et al. Picosecond pulse sources with multi-GHz repetition rates and high output power [J]. New J Phys, 2004, 6(1): 174. |
| [26] | Grange R, Haiml M, Paschotta R, et al. New regime of inverse saturable absorption for self-stabilizing passively mode-locked lasers [J]. Appl Phys B, 2005, 80: 151-158. |
| [27] | Klenner A, Keller U. All-optical Q-switching limiter for high-power gigahertz modelocked diode-pumped solid-state lasers [J]. Opt Express, 2015, 23: 8532-8544. doi: 10.1364/OE.23.008532 |
| [28] | Ye J, Cundiff S T. Femtosecond Optical Frequency Comb: Principle, Operation and Applications[M]. Switzerland: Springer Science & Business Media, 2005. |
| [29] | Weingarten K J, Shannon D C, Wallace R W, et al. Two-gigahertz repetition-rate, diode-pumped, mode-locked Nd: YLF laser [J]. Opt Lett, 1990, 15: 962-964. doi: 10.1364/OL.15.000962 |
| [30] | Zhou F, Malcolm G P A, Ferguson A I. 1-GHz repetition-rate frequency-modulation mode-locked neodymium lasers at 1.3 μm [J]. Opt Lett, 1991, 16: 1101-1103. doi: 10.1364/OL.16.001101 |
| [31] | Weingarten K J, Godil A A, Gifford M. FM mode-locking at 2.85 GHz using a microwave resonant optical modulator [J]. IEEE Photonics Tech Lett, 1992, 4: 1106-1109. doi: 10.1109/68.163747 |
| [32] | Schulz P A, Henion S R. 5-GHz mode locking of a Nd: YLF laser [J]. Opt Lett, 1991, 16: 1502-1504. doi: 10.1364/OL.16.001502 |
| [33] | Keller U, Miller D A B, Boyd G D, et al. Solid-state low-loss intracavity saturable absorber for Nd: YLF lasers: An antiresonant semiconductor Fabry–Perot saturable absorber [J]. Opt Lett, 1992, 17: 505-507. doi: 10.1364/OL.17.000505 |
| [34] | Krainer L, Paschotta R, Lecomte S, et al. Compact Nd: YVO4 lasers with pulse repetition rates up to 160 GHz [J]. IEEE J Quantum Elect, 2002, 38: 1331-1338. doi: 10.1109/JQE.2002.802967 |
| [35] | Bartels A, Dekorsy T, Kurz H. Femtosecond Ti: sapphire ring laser with a 2-GHz repetition rate and its application in time-resolved spectroscopy [J]. Opt Lett, 1999, 24: 996-998. doi: 10.1364/OL.24.000996 |
| [36] | Fortier T M, Bartels A, Diddams S A. Octave-spanning Ti: sapphire laser with a repetition rate > 1 GHz for optical frequency measurements and comparisons [J]. Opt Lett, 2006, 31: 1011-1013. doi: 10.1364/OL.31.001011 |
| [37] | Bartels A, Gebs R, Kirchner M S, et al. Spectrally resolved optical frequency comb from a self-referenced 5 GHz femtosecond laser [J]. Opt Lett, 2007, 32: 2553-2555. doi: 10.1364/OL.32.002553 |
| [38] | Bartels A, Heinecke D, Diddams S A. 10-GHz self-referenced optical frequency comb [J]. Science, 2009, 326: 681-681. doi: 10.1126/science.1179112 |
| [39] | Lezius M, Wilken T, Deutsch C, et al. Space-borne frequency comb metrology [J]. Optica, 2016, 3: 1381-1387. doi: 10.1364/OPTICA.3.001381 |
| [40] | Martinez A, Yamashita S. Multi-gigahertz repetition rate passively modelocked fiber lasers using carbon nanotubes [J]. Opt Express, 2011, 19(7): 6155-6163. doi: 10.1364/OE.19.006155 |
| [41] | Murphy M T, Udem T, Holzwarth R, et al. High-precision wavelength calibration of astronomical spectrographs with laser frequency combs [J]. Mon Not R Astron Soc, 2007: 380. |
| [42] | Li C H, Benedick A J, Fendel P, et al. A laser frequency comb that enables radial velocity measurements with a precision of 1 cm s −1 [J]. Nature, 2008, 452: 610-612. doi: 10.1038/nature06854 |
| [43] | Steinmetz T, Wilken T, et al. Laser frequency combs for astronomical observations [J]. Science, 2008, 321: 1335. doi: 10.1126/science.1161030 |
| [44] | 朱江峰, 田文龙, 高子叶, 等. 二极管抽运全固态飞秒Yb激光振荡器[J]. 中国激光, 2017, 44(9): 0900001. doi: 10.3788/CJL201744.0900001 Zhu Jiangfeng, Tian Wenlong, Gao Ziye, et al. Diode pumped all-solid-state femtosecond Yb laser oscillator [J]. Chinese Journal Lasers, 2017, 44(9): 0900001. (in Chinese) doi: 10.3788/CJL201744.0900001 |
| [45] | Yamazoe S, Katou M, Kasamatsu T. Ultra-compact Laser-diode-pumped Femtosecond Solid-state Laser[Z/OL]. [2020-06-16] https://www.fujifilm.com/about/research/report/054/pdf/index/ff_rd054_009_en.pdf. |
| [46] | Yamazoe S, Katou M, Adachi T, et al. Palm-top-size, 1.5 kW peak-power, and femtosecond (160 fs) diode-pumped mode-locked Yb3+: KY (WO4)2 solid-state laser with a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror [J]. Opt Lett, 2010, 35: 748-750. doi: 10.1364/OL.35.000748 |
| [47] | Pekarek S, Fiebig C, Stumpf M C, et al. Diode-pumped gigahertz femtosecond Yb: KGW laser with a peak power of 3.9 kW [J]. Opt Express, 2010, 18: 16320-16326. doi: 10.1364/OE.18.016320 |
| [48] | Pekarek S, Südmeyer T, Lecomte S, et al. Self-referenceable frequency comb from a gigahertz diode-pumped solid-state laser [J]. Opt Express, 2011, 19: 16491-16497. doi: 10.1364/OE.19.016491 |
| [49] | Genty G, Coen S, Dudley J M. Fiber supercontinuum sources [J]. J Opt Soc Am B, 2007, 24: 1771-1785. doi: 10.1364/JOSAB.24.001771 |
| [50] | Pekarek S, Stumpf M C, Lecomte S, et al. Compact gigahertz frequency comb generation: how short do the pulses need to be?[C]//ASSP Optical Society of America, 2012: AT5A. 2. |
| [51] | Pekarek S, Klenner A, Südmeyer T, et al. Femtosecond diode-pumped solid-state laser with a repetition rate of 4.8 GHz [J]. Opt Express, 2012, 20: 4248-4253. doi: 10.1364/OE.20.004248 |
| [52] | Klenner A, Golling M, Keller U. A gigahertz multimode-diode-pumped Yb: KGW enables a strong frequency comb offset beat signal [J]. Opt Express, 2013, 21: 10351-10357. doi: 10.1364/OE.21.010351 |
| [53] | Petit J, Goldner P, Viana B. Laser emission with low quantum defect in Yb: CaGdAlO4 [J]. Opt Lett, 2005, 30: 1345-1347. doi: 10.1364/OL.30.001345 |
| [54] | Klenner A, Golling M, Keller U. Compact gigahertz frequency combs[C]//ASSL Optical Society of America, 2013: ATh3A. 1. |
| [55] | Klenner A, Golling M, Keller U. High peak power gigahertz Yb: CALGO laser [J]. Opt Express, 2014, 22: 11884-11891. doi: 10.1364/OE.22.011884 |
| [56] | Klenner A, Golling M, Keller U. Gigahertz diode-pumped Yb: CALGO laser with 60-fs pulses and an average output power of 3.5 W [C]//CLEO-Laser Science to Photonic Applications. IEEE, 2014: 1-2. |
| [57] | Mayer A S, Phillips C R, Keller U. Watt-level 10-gigahertz solid-state laser enabled by self-defocusing nonlinearities in an aperiodically poled crystal [J]. Nat Commun, 2017, 8: 1-8. doi: 10.1038/s41467-016-0009-6 |
| [58] | Waldburger D, Mayer A S, Alfieri C G E, et al. Tightly locked optical frequency comb from a semiconductor disk laser [J]. Opt Express, 2019, 27: 1786-1797. doi: 10.1364/OE.27.001786 |
| [59] | Krüger L M, Mayer A S, Okawachi Y, et al. Performance scaling of a 10-GHz solid-state laser enabling self-referenced CEO frequency detection without amplification [J]. Opt Express, 2020, 28: 12755-12770. doi: 10.1364/OE.391252 |
| [60] | Wasylczyk P, Wnuk P, Radzewicz C. Passively modelocked, diode-pumped Yb: KYW femtosecond oscillator with 1 GHz repetition rate [J]. Opt Express, 2009, 17: 5630-5636. doi: 10.1364/OE.17.005630 |
| [61] | Endo M, Ozawa A, Kobayashi Y. Kerr-lens mode-locked Yb: KYW laser at 3.3-GHz repetition rate[C]//CLEO Optical Society of America, 2012: CF3L. 2. |
| [62] | Kobayashi Y, Nomura Y, Watanabe S. 1.3-GHz, 20-W, femtosecond chirped-pulse amplifier system[C]//CLEO Optical Society of America, 2010: CMN3. |
| [63] | Endo M, Ozawa A, Kobayashi Y. Kerr-lens mode-locked Yb: KYW laser at 4.6-GHz repetition rate [J]. Opt Express, 2012, 20: 12181-12197. |
| [64] | Senatsky Y, Shirakawa A, Sato Y, et al. Nonlinear refractive index of ceramic laser media and perspectives of their usage in a high-power laser-driver [J]. Laser Phys Lett, 2004, 1: 500-506. doi: 10.1002/lapl.200410108 |
| [65] | Yumashev K V, Posnov N N, Prokoshin P V, et al. Z-scan measurements of nonlinear refraction and Kerr-lens mode-locking with Yb3+: KY(WO4)2 [J]. Opt Quant Electron, 2000, 32: 43-48. doi: 10.1023/A:1007055901373 |
| [66] | Endo M, Ozawa A, Sukegawa T, et al. 5.2-GHz, Kerr-lens mode-locked Yb: Lu2O3 ceramic laser for comb-resolved broadband spectroscopy. [C]//CLEO OSA Technical Digest (online), 2013: CTu1I. 3. |
| [67] | Endo M, Ozawa A, Kobayashi Y. 6-GHz, Kerr-lens mode-locked Yb: Lu2O3 ceramic laser for comb-resolved broadband spectroscopy [J]. Opt Lett, 2013, 38: 4502-4505. doi: 10.1364/OL.38.004502 |
| [68] | Endo M, Ito I, Kobayashi Y. Direct 15-GHz mode-spacing optical frequency comb with a Kerr-lens mode-locked Yb: Y2O3 ceramic laser [J]. Opt Express, 2015, 23: 1276-1282. doi: 10.1364/OE.23.001276 |
| [69] | Kimura S, Tani S, Kobayashi Y. Kerr-lens mode locking above a 20 GHz repetition rate [J]. Optica, 2019, 6: 532-533. doi: 10.1364/OPTICA.6.000532 |
| [70] | Qing Z, Yanying Z, Zhiyi W. Sub-10 fs laser pulses with repetition rate of 1.1 GHz by a Ti: sapphire oscillator [J]. Chinese Sci Bull, 2009, 20: 3649-3652. |
| [71] | Li Chen, Ma Yuxuan, Gao Xiang, et al. 1 GHz repetition rate femtosecond Yb: fiber laser for direct generation of carrier-envelope offset frequency [J]. Appl Optics, 2015, 54(28): 8350-8353. doi: 10.1364/AO.54.008350 |
| [72] | Wang Wenlong, Lin Wei, Cheng Huihui, et al. Gain-guided soliton: Scaling repetition rate of passively modelocked Yb-doped fiber lasers to 12.5 GHz [J]. Opt Express, 2019, 27(8): 10438-10448. |
| [73] | Major A, Nikolakakos I, Aitchison J S, et al. Characterization of the nonlinear refractive index of the laser crystal Yb: KGd(WO4)2 [J]. Appl Phys B, 2003, 77(4): 433-436. doi: 10.1007/s00340-003-1252-1 |
| [74] | McCracken R A, Charsley J M, Reid D T. A decade of astrocombs: recent advances in frequency combs for astronomy [J]. Opt Express, 2017, 25: 15058-15078. doi: 10.1364/OE.25.015058 |
| [75] | International Telecommunication Union. 2015-09-12. IMT Vision—Framework and overall objectives of the future development of IMT for 2020 and beyond. ITU-R, M2083-0[EB/OL]. https://www.itu.int/dms_pubrec/itu-r/rec/m/R-REC-M.2083-0-201509-I!!PDF-E.pdf |
| [76] | Tomohiro I, Eilanlou A A, Yasuo N, et al. Kerr lens mode-locked Yb: Lu2O3 bulk ceramic oscillator pumped by a multimode laser diode [J]. Jpn J Appl Phys., 2015, 54: 072703. |
| [77] | Tian W L, Yu C, Zhu J F, Zhang D C, et al. Diode-pumped high-power sub-100 fs Kerr-lens mode-locked Yb: CaYAlO4 laser with 1.85 MW peak power [J]. Opt Express, 2019, 27: 21448-21454. doi: 10.1364/OE.27.021448 |