Volume 46 Issue 10
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Shang Zhen, Xie Chenbo, Wang Bangxin, Tan Min, Zhong Zhiqing, Wang Zhenzhu, Liu Dong, Wang Yingjian. Pure rotational Raman lidar measurements of atmospheric temperature near ground in Beijing[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2017, 46(10): 1030001-1030001(8). doi: 10.3788/IRLA201764.1030001
Citation: Shang Zhen, Xie Chenbo, Wang Bangxin, Tan Min, Zhong Zhiqing, Wang Zhenzhu, Liu Dong, Wang Yingjian. Pure rotational Raman lidar measurements of atmospheric temperature near ground in Beijing[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2017, 46(10): 1030001-1030001(8). doi: 10.3788/IRLA201764.1030001
shu

Pure rotational Raman lidar measurements of atmospheric temperature near ground in Beijing

doi: 10.3788/IRLA201764.1030001
  • 1.

    Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Composition and Optical Radiation,Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics,Hefei Institutes of Physical Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei 230031,China;

  • 2.

    University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230031,China

  • Received Date: 2017-02-05
  • Rev Recd Date: 2017-03-03
  • Publish Date: 2017-10-25
  • The vertical distribution of the atmospheric temperature in the troposphere is directly related to the meteorological phenomena and the diffusion of atmospheric pollutants. It has been the major parameters observed by the meteorological department and the environment sector. The lidar technology has become an effective method to detect the vertical distribution and time variation of the atmospheric temperature in the troposphere. Lower tropospheric temperature profile measured by lidar using the Rayleigh and vibrational Raman scattering can't be obtained accurately due to the abundant aerosols. Using N2 and O2 molecular pure rotational Raman scattering signal, the lower tropospheric temperature profile can be obtained without the influence of lower tropospheric aerosol theoretically. The main difficulty of the rotational Raman lidar is design and mechanics of the receiving spectroscopic system. In domestic research, most of the lidar systems use the spectroscopic technique based on double grating spectrometer. The technique based on the interference filters was introduced in this paper and used in our lidar system for observation of the tropospheric temperature. This technique had more efficiency and suppression in separation of the pure Raman signals from Mie signals. Furthermore, the system's sensitivity can be optimized by selecting the tilting angle of the filters. The experiment was based on the project of Formation Mechanism and Control Strategies of Haze in China carried out by the research groups of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Our lidar system was moved to the super atmospheric observatory in University of Chinese Academy of Sciences on November 2014 and the experiment were taken during the APEC conference. The energy of laser in ultraviolet was about 200 mJ, the frequency was 20 Hz, the laser pulse number was 5 000, the spatial resolution was 7.5 m. The experimental result shows that the statistical error between lidar and radiosonde are less than 1.5 K with the range up to 10 km and the statistical error of less than 1 K is obtained up to 7.5 km height in the clean night. Larger differences of about 3 K at the region above the thin cloud may be caused by the strong elastic backscatter signal and the statistical error of less than 1 K is obtained up to 4.8 km height.
  • [1] Mi Jide, Cui Jiliang, Cao Hongxing. Temperature statistics of upper-air in Beijing[J]. Acta Meteorologica Sinica, 1999, 57(2):236-241. (in Chinese)米季德, 崔继良, 曹鸿兴. 北京高空温度的统计特征[J]. 气象学报, 1999, 57(2):236-241.
    [2] Hauchecorne A, Chanin M. Density and temperature profiles obtained by lidar between 35 and 70 km[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 1980, 7(8):565-568.
    [3] Fleming E L, Chandra S, Barnett J J, et al. Zonal mean temperature, pressure, zonal wind and geopotential height as functions of latitude[J]. Advances in Space Research, 1990, 10(12):11-59.
    [4] Evans K D, Melfi S H, Ferrare R A, et al. Upper tropospheric temperature measurements with the use of a Raman lidar[J]. Applied Optics, 1997, 36(12):2594-2602.
    [5] Keckhut P, Chanin M L, Hauchecorne A. Stratosphere temperature measurement using Raman lidar[J]. Applied Optics, 1990, 29(34):5182-5186.
    [6] Ristori P, Froidevaux M, Dinoev T, et al. Development of a temperature and water vapor Raman lidar for turbulent observations[C]//SPIE, 2005, 5984:59840F-1-8.
    [7] Cooney J. Measurement of atmospheric temperature profiles by Raman backscatter[J]. Journal of Applied Meteorology, 1972, 11(1):108-112.
    [8] Kobayashi T, Taira T, Yamamoto T, et al. Rotational Raman lidar for lower tropospheric temperature profiling[C]//Laser Radar Conference, 1992.
    [9] Reichardt A B J. Atmospheric temperature profiling in the presence of clouds with a pure rotational Raman lidar by use of an interference-filter-based polychromator[J]. Applied Optics, 2000, 39(9):1372-1378.
    [10] Hua D, Uchida M, Kobayashi T. Ultraviolet Rayleigh-Mie lidar with Mie-scattering correction by Fabry-Perot etalons for temperature profiling of the troposphere[J]. Applied Optics, 2005, 44(7):1305-1314.
    [11] Imaki M, Kawai H, Kato T, et al. Efficient ultraviolet rotational Raman lidar for temperature profiling of the planetary boundary layer[J]. Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, 2012, 51(5):052401-1-5.
    [12] Wang Yufeng, Gao Fei, Zhu Chengxuan, et al. Raman lidar for atmospheric temperature, humidity and aerosols up to troposphere height[J]. Acta Opt Sin, 2015, 35(3):0328004. (in Chinese)
    [13] Jia J Y, Yi F. Atmospheric temperature measurements at altitudes of 5-30 km with a double-grating-based pure rotational Raman lidar[J]. Appl Opt, 2014, 53(24):5330-5343.
    [14] Li Yajuan, Song Shalei, Li Faquan, et al. High-precision measurements of lower atmospheric temperature based on pure rotational Raman lidar[J]. Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 2015, 58(7):2294-2305. (in Chinese)李亚娟, 宋沙磊, 李发泉, 等. 基于纯转动拉曼激光雷达的中低空大气温度高精度探测[J].地球物理学报, 2015, 58(7):2294-2305.
    [15] Weitkamp C. Lidar:Range-Resolved Optical Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere[M]. Berlin:Springer, 2015.
    [16] Macintyre R, Tan T, Heywood A, et al. Scanning rotational Raman lidar at 355 nm for the measurement of tropospheric temperature fields[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry Physics, 2007, 8(2):7569-7602.
    [17] Chen Z, Zhang J, Zhang T, et al. Haze observations by simultaneous lidar and WPS in Beijing before and during APEC, 2014[J]. Science China Chemistry, 2015, 58(9):1-8.
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Pure rotational Raman lidar measurements of atmospheric temperature near ground in Beijing

doi: 10.3788/IRLA201764.1030001
  • 1. Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Composition and Optical Radiation,Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics,Hefei Institutes of Physical Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei 230031,China;
  • 2. University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230031,China
  • Received Date: 2017-02-05
  • Rev Recd Date: 2017-03-03
  • Publish Date: 2017-10-25

Abstract: The vertical distribution of the atmospheric temperature in the troposphere is directly related to the meteorological phenomena and the diffusion of atmospheric pollutants. It has been the major parameters observed by the meteorological department and the environment sector. The lidar technology has become an effective method to detect the vertical distribution and time variation of the atmospheric temperature in the troposphere. Lower tropospheric temperature profile measured by lidar using the Rayleigh and vibrational Raman scattering can't be obtained accurately due to the abundant aerosols. Using N2 and O2 molecular pure rotational Raman scattering signal, the lower tropospheric temperature profile can be obtained without the influence of lower tropospheric aerosol theoretically. The main difficulty of the rotational Raman lidar is design and mechanics of the receiving spectroscopic system. In domestic research, most of the lidar systems use the spectroscopic technique based on double grating spectrometer. The technique based on the interference filters was introduced in this paper and used in our lidar system for observation of the tropospheric temperature. This technique had more efficiency and suppression in separation of the pure Raman signals from Mie signals. Furthermore, the system's sensitivity can be optimized by selecting the tilting angle of the filters. The experiment was based on the project of Formation Mechanism and Control Strategies of Haze in China carried out by the research groups of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Our lidar system was moved to the super atmospheric observatory in University of Chinese Academy of Sciences on November 2014 and the experiment were taken during the APEC conference. The energy of laser in ultraviolet was about 200 mJ, the frequency was 20 Hz, the laser pulse number was 5 000, the spatial resolution was 7.5 m. The experimental result shows that the statistical error between lidar and radiosonde are less than 1.5 K with the range up to 10 km and the statistical error of less than 1 K is obtained up to 7.5 km height in the clean night. Larger differences of about 3 K at the region above the thin cloud may be caused by the strong elastic backscatter signal and the statistical error of less than 1 K is obtained up to 4.8 km height.

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