Study on the test of rubber soles by X-Ray fluorescent spectrum

Jiang Hong; Fan Ye; Wang Jiageng; Chen Yutai; Guo Peng; Man Ji; Yang Minnan; Zhong Yu

doi:10.3788/IRLA201791.1023002

Volume 46 Issue 10

Nov. 2017

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Jiang Hong, Fan Ye, Wang Jiageng, Chen Yutai, Guo Peng, Man Ji, Yang Minnan, Zhong Yu. Study on the test of rubber soles by X-Ray fluorescent spectrum[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2017, 46(10): 1023002-1023002(6). doi: 10.3788/IRLA201791.1023002

Citation:

Jiang Hong, Fan Ye, Wang Jiageng, Chen Yutai, Guo Peng, Man Ji, Yang Minnan, Zhong Yu. Study on the test of rubber soles by X-Ray fluorescent spectrum[J]. Infrared and Laser Engineering, 2017, 46(10): 1023002-1023002(6). doi: 10.3788/IRLA201791.1023002

Study on the test of rubber soles by X-Ray fluorescent spectrum

doi: 10.3788/IRLA201791.1023002

1.
School of Forensic Science,People's Public Security University of China,Beijing 100038,China;
2.
Baiyun District Branch of Guangzhou Municipal Public Security Bureau,Guangzhou 510420,China;
3.
Criminal Investigation Detachment,Fengtai District Branch of Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau,Beijing 100071,China;
4.
Criminal Investigation Bureau of Public Security of Tianjin,Tianjin 300193,China;
5.
Beijing Huayi Hongsheng Technology Limited Company,Beijing 100123,China

Received Date: 2017-02-10
Rev Recd Date: 2017-03-20
Publish Date: 2017-10-25

Abstract

A convenient and rapid, sensitive and accurate, and non-destructive method was established to analyze rubber sole. It provides clues, indicates investigation direction for the detection, and provides the scientific basis for proving the crime. Rubber sole samples was tested by using X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) to provide scientific basis for verifying crime. The test parameters were set as the following:voltage was 45 kV, test current was 40 A, power was 1.8 kW, the size of sample was 1.5 cm1.5 cm, and testing time was set as 60 s. The qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis of inorganic elements in 40 different rubber sole samples of different brands and different types was carried out, and the reproducibility of the method was examined. At the same time, the rubber sole samples were classified using SPSS clustering analysis-center of gravity method as definition of distance between the classes. Consequently, the method has the characteristics of accurate and reliable result, good reproducibility, no need for sample preparation and non-destructive testing. It can be used for public security organs to resolve the cases.
- X-Ray fluorescent spectrum,
- rubber sole,
- element composition,
- element content,
- clustering analysis,
- discrimination

References

[1]	Jiang Hong. Examination of trace amount of rubber at criminal case crime scene and its application[J]. Special Purpose Rubber Products, 2003, 24(2):45-47. (in Chinese)姜红. 刑事案件现场微量橡胶的检验及应用[J]. 特种橡胶制品, 2003, 24(2):45-47.
[2]	Wang Zhiguo, Wang Conghui, Sun Suqin, et al. On the examination of rubber with Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy[J]. Journal of Chinese People's Public Security University(Nature Science Edition), 2002(3):14-17. (in Chinese)王志国, 汪聪慧, 孙素琴, 等. 橡胶的傅里叶变换拉曼光谱法检验[J]. 公安大学学报(自然科学版), 2002(3):14-17.
[3]	Zhao Jiagen, Zhang Jinzhuang. Nondestructive testing on tyre rubber by FTIR-ATR[J]. Journal of Liaoning Police Academy, 2009, 57:66-68. (in Chinese)赵佳根, 张金庄. 傅里叶红外光谱(ATR)法无损检测轮胎橡胶[J]. 辽宁警专学报, 2009(5):66-68.
[4]	Lin Fang, Wen Yuyun, Hong Xiaoyan, et al. Determination of sixteen phthalate acid esters in sole materials by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry[J]. Analytical Instrumentation, 2009(2):15-20. (in Chinese)林芳, 温裕云, 洪小燕, 等. 鞋底材料中16种邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物的气相色谱-质谱法测定[J].分析仪器, 2009(2):15-20.
[5]	Shi Qiuna, Liu Zhanfang, Qiao Ting. Analysis of rubber evidence in one case of traffic accident[J]. Forensic Science and Technology, 2016, 41(5):420-423. (in Chinese)时秋娜, 刘占芳, 乔婷. 交通肇事案件中橡胶物证的检验[J]. 刑事技术, 2016, 41(5):420-423.
[6]	Yuan Lifeng, Yu Xiongfei, Wang Qian. Identification of a kind of synthesized rubber by IR spectrometry and X-Ray fluorescence spectrometry[J]. Chinese Journal of Spectroscopy Laboratory, 2005, 22(4):704-706. (in Chinese)袁丽凤, 俞雄飞, 王谦. 红外光谱结合X射线荧光光谱分析鉴定合成橡胶粒子[J]. 光谱实验室, 2005, 22(4):704-706.
[7]	Tao Guangyi. X-Ray fluorescence spectrum analysis[J].Chinese Journal of Analysis Laboratory, 1995, 28(3):94-100. (in Chinese)陶光仪. X射线荧光光谱分析[J]. 分析试验室, 1995, 28(3):94-100.
[8]	Janssens K, Vittiglio G, Deraedt I. Use of microscopic XRF for non-destructive analysis in art and archaeometry[J]. X-Ray Spectrometry, 2000, 29(1):73-91.
[9]	Kalnickyn D J, Singhvi R. Field portable XRF analysis of environmental samples[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2001, 83(1-2):93-102.
[10]	Zhao Aihua, Hua Lan, Chi Lingsheng. Multi-element analysis of rubber material by X-RAF fluorescence spectroscopy[J].Chemical Analysis and Meterage, 2001, 10(5):23-24. (in Chinese)赵爱华, 华兰, 迟令生. 橡胶材料的X射线荧光多元素分析[J]. 化学分析计量, 2001, 10(5):23-24.
[11]	Zhu Zhixiu, Feng Jian, Li Chen, et al. Application of XRFS without using standard samples to inspection of mineral products in exits and entrances at customs[J]. Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis Part B:Chemical Analysis,2009, 45(7):832-835. (in Chinese)朱志秀, 冯健, 李晨, 等. X射线荧光光谱无标样分析技术在出入境矿产品检验中的应用[J]. 理化检验:化学分册, 2009, 45(7):832-835.
[12]	Han Ping, Wang Jihua, Lu Anxiang, et al. Analysis of heavy metal in soil with portable X-Ray fluorescence spectrometry[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2012, 32(3):826-829. (in Chinese)韩平, 王纪华, 陆安祥, 等. 便携式X射线荧光光谱分析仪测定土壤中重金属[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2012, 32(3):826-829.
[13]	Jiang Hong, Zhang Lu, Man Ji, et al. Analysis of black plastic bags by XRF[J]. Journal of Liaoning Normal University (Nature Science Edition), 2017(1):69-73. (in Chinese)姜红, 张璐, 满吉, 等. X射线荧光光谱法检验黑色塑料袋的研究[J]. 辽宁师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2017(1):69-73.
[14]	Zhang Hongju, Zhang Dingfei, Yu Daliang. Application of XRFS without using standard samples to inspection of light alloy[J]. Chinese Journal of Analysis Laboratory, 2017, 36(2):147-149. (in Chinese)张红菊, 张丁非, 余大亮,等. X射线荧光光谱无标样分析在轻合金中的应用[J]. 分析试验室, 2017, 36(2):147-149.
[15]	Xie Longhan, Shang Tao, Cai Mingjing. Statistical Analysis and Data Mining of SPSS[M]. 2nd ed. Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry, 2014:231-255. (in Chinese)谢龙汉, 尚涛, 蔡明京. SPSS统计分析与数据挖掘[M]. 第2版. 北京:电子工业出版社, 2014:231-255.

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

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Study on the test of rubber soles by X-Ray fluorescent spectrum

1. School of Forensic Science,People's Public Security University of China,Beijing 100038,China;

2. Baiyun District Branch of Guangzhou Municipal Public Security Bureau,Guangzhou 510420,China;

3. Criminal Investigation Detachment,Fengtai District Branch of Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau,Beijing 100071,China;

4. Criminal Investigation Bureau of Public Security of Tianjin,Tianjin 300193,China;

5. Beijing Huayi Hongsheng Technology Limited Company,Beijing 100123,China

Received Date: 2017-02-10

Rev Recd Date: 2017-03-20

Publish Date: 2017-10-25

Key words:

Abstract: A convenient and rapid, sensitive and accurate, and non-destructive method was established to analyze rubber sole. It provides clues, indicates investigation direction for the detection, and provides the scientific basis for proving the crime. Rubber sole samples was tested by using X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) to provide scientific basis for verifying crime. The test parameters were set as the following:voltage was 45 kV, test current was 40 A, power was 1.8 kW, the size of sample was 1.5 cm1.5 cm, and testing time was set as 60 s. The qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis of inorganic elements in 40 different rubber sole samples of different brands and different types was carried out, and the reproducibility of the method was examined. At the same time, the rubber sole samples were classified using SPSS clustering analysis-center of gravity method as definition of distance between the classes. Consequently, the method has the characteristics of accurate and reliable result, good reproducibility, no need for sample preparation and non-destructive testing. It can be used for public security organs to resolve the cases.

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Reference (15)

[1]	Jiang Hong. Examination of trace amount of rubber at criminal case crime scene and its application[J]. Special Purpose Rubber Products, 2003, 24(2):45-47. (in Chinese)姜红. 刑事案件现场微量橡胶的检验及应用[J]. 特种橡胶制品, 2003, 24(2):45-47.
[2]	Wang Zhiguo, Wang Conghui, Sun Suqin, et al. On the examination of rubber with Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy[J]. Journal of Chinese People's Public Security University(Nature Science Edition), 2002(3):14-17. (in Chinese)王志国, 汪聪慧, 孙素琴, 等. 橡胶的傅里叶变换拉曼光谱法检验[J]. 公安大学学报(自然科学版), 2002(3):14-17.
[3]	Zhao Jiagen, Zhang Jinzhuang. Nondestructive testing on tyre rubber by FTIR-ATR[J]. Journal of Liaoning Police Academy, 2009, 57:66-68. (in Chinese)赵佳根, 张金庄. 傅里叶红外光谱(ATR)法无损检测轮胎橡胶[J]. 辽宁警专学报, 2009(5):66-68.
[4]	Lin Fang, Wen Yuyun, Hong Xiaoyan, et al. Determination of sixteen phthalate acid esters in sole materials by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry[J]. Analytical Instrumentation, 2009(2):15-20. (in Chinese)林芳, 温裕云, 洪小燕, 等. 鞋底材料中16种邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物的气相色谱-质谱法测定[J].分析仪器, 2009(2):15-20.
[5]	Shi Qiuna, Liu Zhanfang, Qiao Ting. Analysis of rubber evidence in one case of traffic accident[J]. Forensic Science and Technology, 2016, 41(5):420-423. (in Chinese)时秋娜, 刘占芳, 乔婷. 交通肇事案件中橡胶物证的检验[J]. 刑事技术, 2016, 41(5):420-423.
[6]	Yuan Lifeng, Yu Xiongfei, Wang Qian. Identification of a kind of synthesized rubber by IR spectrometry and X-Ray fluorescence spectrometry[J]. Chinese Journal of Spectroscopy Laboratory, 2005, 22(4):704-706. (in Chinese)袁丽凤, 俞雄飞, 王谦. 红外光谱结合X射线荧光光谱分析鉴定合成橡胶粒子[J]. 光谱实验室, 2005, 22(4):704-706.
[7]	Tao Guangyi. X-Ray fluorescence spectrum analysis[J].Chinese Journal of Analysis Laboratory, 1995, 28(3):94-100. (in Chinese)陶光仪. X射线荧光光谱分析[J]. 分析试验室, 1995, 28(3):94-100.
[8]	Janssens K, Vittiglio G, Deraedt I. Use of microscopic XRF for non-destructive analysis in art and archaeometry[J]. X-Ray Spectrometry, 2000, 29(1):73-91.
[9]	Kalnickyn D J, Singhvi R. Field portable XRF analysis of environmental samples[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2001, 83(1-2):93-102.
[10]	Zhao Aihua, Hua Lan, Chi Lingsheng. Multi-element analysis of rubber material by X-RAF fluorescence spectroscopy[J].Chemical Analysis and Meterage, 2001, 10(5):23-24. (in Chinese)赵爱华, 华兰, 迟令生. 橡胶材料的X射线荧光多元素分析[J]. 化学分析计量, 2001, 10(5):23-24.
[11]	Zhu Zhixiu, Feng Jian, Li Chen, et al. Application of XRFS without using standard samples to inspection of mineral products in exits and entrances at customs[J]. Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis Part B:Chemical Analysis,2009, 45(7):832-835. (in Chinese)朱志秀, 冯健, 李晨, 等. X射线荧光光谱无标样分析技术在出入境矿产品检验中的应用[J]. 理化检验:化学分册, 2009, 45(7):832-835.
[12]	Han Ping, Wang Jihua, Lu Anxiang, et al. Analysis of heavy metal in soil with portable X-Ray fluorescence spectrometry[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2012, 32(3):826-829. (in Chinese)韩平, 王纪华, 陆安祥, 等. 便携式X射线荧光光谱分析仪测定土壤中重金属[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2012, 32(3):826-829.
[13]	Jiang Hong, Zhang Lu, Man Ji, et al. Analysis of black plastic bags by XRF[J]. Journal of Liaoning Normal University (Nature Science Edition), 2017(1):69-73. (in Chinese)姜红, 张璐, 满吉, 等. X射线荧光光谱法检验黑色塑料袋的研究[J]. 辽宁师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2017(1):69-73.
[14]	Zhang Hongju, Zhang Dingfei, Yu Daliang. Application of XRFS without using standard samples to inspection of light alloy[J]. Chinese Journal of Analysis Laboratory, 2017, 36(2):147-149. (in Chinese)张红菊, 张丁非, 余大亮,等. X射线荧光光谱无标样分析在轻合金中的应用[J]. 分析试验室, 2017, 36(2):147-149.
[15]	Xie Longhan, Shang Tao, Cai Mingjing. Statistical Analysis and Data Mining of SPSS[M]. 2nd ed. Beijing:Publishing House of Electronics Industry, 2014:231-255. (in Chinese)谢龙汉, 尚涛, 蔡明京. SPSS统计分析与数据挖掘[M]. 第2版. 北京:电子工业出版社, 2014:231-255.

Study on the test of rubber soles by X-Ray fluorescent spectrum

doi: 10.3788/IRLA201791.1023002

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References

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