Abstract: Under the given condition, reflected intensity of the top of atmosphere and transmitted intensity arriving at the ground were simulated when aerosol particles average effective radius and complex refractive imaginary part index was different, as well as the effect of aerosol vertical distribution on reflection and transmission intensity and flux of different height. The result shows that when the aerosol optical thickness is fixed, the effect of aerosol vertical distribution on reflection and transmission is great under 15 km, and the smaller aerosol particles average effective radius and complex refractive index imaginary part of aerosol particles, then the larger reflected intensity of the top of atmosphere and transmitted intensity arriving at the ground. Therefore, in order to accurately calculate atmospheric radiation, not only the aerosol optical thickness but also aerosol particles average effective radius, complex refractive index and aerosol vertical distribution should be taken into consideration, and just using the empirical value of the aerosol model will bring bigger error.