空间碎片激光测距系统研究

Research of space debris laser ranging system

  • 摘要: 为了对空间碎片进行有效监测,基于60 cm卫星激光测距系统,利用实时时间偏差修正及目标闭环跟踪、激光出射方向控制、预报实时修正等技术,建立了与卫星激光测距并置观测的空间碎片激光测距(Debris Laser Ranging,DLR)系统,实现了高重复频率空间碎片常规观测。长春站在26个观测日里获得有效数据466圈,其中晨昏数据26圈,观测高度角范围19~87,测距精度可达1.0 m(RMS),测距范围400~1 800 km,观测的雷达散射截面(RCS)最小可达0.9 m2。与国内外DLR台站性能比较,长春站高重复频率DLR系统精度高、观测距离范围大、RCS较小、回波数据多,观测数据稳定可靠,已经达到国际领先水平。该系统可还用于高层大气、高轨道小尺寸空间碎片监测、多手段观测技术联合等应用的研究。

     

    Abstract: In order to monitor the space debris effectively, on the basis of 60 cm satellite laser ranging (SLR) system, the high repetition space debris laser ranging system was established with the multiple technologies, such as the real-time modification of time offset, the closed-loop tracking of debris target, the direction control of laser beam, the real-time correction of satellite forecast and so on, which was colocation observed at space SLR system. In 26 observation days, 466 passes and 26 passes in twilight were acquired, the observed elevation from 19 to 87 degree, ranging accuracy about 1 m, range from 400 km to 1 800 km, the minimum RCS can achieve to be 0.9 m2. By comparing with results from other observatories, the high repetition frequency rate DLR system has high precision, large observation range, small RCS, and more echo data, and the observed data is stable and reliable, which has reached the international advanced level.

     

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