Abstract: In the field of biological medicine and clinical medicine, the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases almost rely on the identification of cell morphology. Different cells have different shape which would lead to the change of the light propagation characteristics among biological tissues. What's more, it affects the light scattering properties of cells. At present, the theory of dynamic light scattering is the optimal way to dynamically identify the distribution of the size and the shape which related to the cell. Cells are mainly composed of cytoplasm, nucleus and mitochondria. Therefore, analyzing their optical properties have great significance for optical diagnostic and treatment. Experiments were designed to obtain the light scattering properties of lung cancer cells and Polystyrene microspheres which contained cytoplasm, nucleus and mitochondria. The models of cytoplasm were built with finite different time domain(FDTD) algorithm to simulate the light scattering properties. The light scattering properties of lung cancer cells demonstrate that mitochondria make a contribution to forward scattering (0-20) and backward scattering (160-180), nucleus make a big difference to side scattering (80-100), cytoplasm have an effect on any angle. The result of the simulation testified that the experimental results are correct.