Abstract: The simulation of ocean background is the key link of sea surface target scene simulation and the important basis of ocean target background coupling simulation, which determines the correctness and authenticity of the difference characteristics between target and background in the simulation image. In the high-resolution satellite image, the ocean background features were highlighted. The previous processing methods that regard the ocean background as a uniform radiation surface cause large errors in high-resolution ocean scene simulation. The coupling effect and radiation model of three-dimensional shape, multi-component distribution and directional reflection characteristics of ocean background were studied, and the simulation method of high-resolution satellite image of ocean background was proposed. A three-dimensional ocean background model was constructed by spectrum analysis. According to the different distribution of sea components and the different normal directions of ocean background at different positions, the low-resolution ocean BRDF model was modified to meet the simulation application of high-resolution satellite images. The directional reflection data of different components were calculated and associated with the three-dimensional ocean background model to construct the sub meter ocean background three-dimensional model. Based on the radiation model, the zero line of sight radiation field was established by ray tracing method, and the satellite remote sensing images under different sea conditions were simulated by atmospheric influence and sensor effect. The results show that the average error of the image is 3.7% and the standard deviation error is 9.9% when comparing the sea surface image measured by ZY3-02 satellite with the simulation image under the same imaging conditions, which can simulate the marine background under high-resolution satellite imaging more truly.