利用超表面的涡旋光束产生进展(特邀)

Generation of optical vortex beams via metasurfaces (Invited)

  • 摘要: 涡旋光束因为携带轨道角动量,在光通信、粒子操纵及量子信息等领域都具有重要的应用前景。目前有很多方法可用于产生涡旋光束,如利用螺旋相位板、模式转换、空间光调制器等。然而,传统的方法需要搭建体积相对较大的光学系统,限制了其在集成光学等领域中的应用。不同于传统方法中通过传输效应来获得相位变化,超表面可以通过纳米结构使入射光产生相位突变,在纳米尺度上独立控制动态或几何相位以产生涡旋。超表面具有强大光控制能力的同时,还具有体积小、易于集成等特点,因此成为了产生涡旋光的理想方法。文中在介绍产生涡旋光束基本原理的基础上,回顾了近年来利用超表面产生涡旋光束的研究进展。首先介绍了利用动力学相位、Pancharatnam-Berry (P-B)相位以及混合相位产生光学涡旋的方法。随后,对利用全息与编码超表面产生涡旋及通过多路复用产生多个涡旋等不同方法进行了综述。最后,对基于超表面产生涡旋的一些亟待解决的问题和应用前景作了简单总结与讨论。

     

    Abstract: Optical vortex beams, carrying orbital angular momentum, possess tremendous advanced applications ranging from optical communication, micromanipulation and nonlinear optics to quantum information. Various methods have been proposed to generate optical vortices, such as spiral phase plate (SPP), mode converter and spatial light modulator (SLM). However, changing phase by accumulating propagation distance restrains the applications in integrated optics. Owing to the salient properties that metasurface is small-sized and easy to be integrated, it is expected to be an ideal optical vortices generator with excellent ability of regulating light field. The basic principles of generating vortex beams and recent progress in the use of metasurfaces were introduced in this article. First, methods of using dynamic phase, Pancharatnam-Berry (P-B) phase and hybrid phase to generate optical vortices were introduced. Subsequently, holography and encoding metasurfaces and multiplexing metasurfaces were reviewed to generate multiple vortices. Finally, based on the generation of optical vortices via metasurfaces, some potential applications and problems were briefly summarized and discussed.

     

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