Abstract: The resolution and light collection ability of telescope were directly proportional to its aperture. With the increasingly strict requirements of human beings for the resolution of telescopes, the size of telescope mirrors would be also increasing. With the increasing size of the mirror, the mirror seeing became more and more important. Mirror seeing mainly referred to the degradation of image quality caused by turbulence on the mirror surface. When the mirror size exceeded the local atmospheric turbulence scale, we had to consider the influence of this factor on imaging or processing. The working environment of the system would affect the mirror seeing to a certain extent, so the mirror seeing was also of great significance to the integrated detection process. Therefore, in order to improve the surface accuracy of mirror processing and the integration effect of the detection system, it was necessary to accurately measure the mirror seeing of the instrument, so as to provide judgment for its processing detection and application integration. In our work, one-dimensional detection (autocollimator method, etc.), two-dimensional detection (slope/curvature method, holographic wavefront sensing method and shearing interference method, etc.) and three-dimensional detection (holographic particle velocimetry and temperature field method, etc.) were described from three aspects: principle, research status and application in mirror seeing. By introducing the detection methods for different scenes and detection requirements, it had a good guiding significance for the detection of mirror seeing.