Abstract: The technique was presented to simultaneously measure the vibration and strain, vibration and temperature with the Single-mode-Multimode-Single-mode(SMS) fiber structure by employing a kind of digital signal processing technique of Single Channel Blind Source Separation(SCBSS). In the simultaneous measurements of the vibration and stress, the measurement error of vibration frequency was only about 0.17 Hz and the load time of the stress was exactly same as the operation. In the simultaneous measurement of the vibration and temperature, the error of the vibration frequency was less than 0.60 Hz, and the temperature error were less than 7.13% and 8.03% for linear cooling and natural warming, respectively. The SMS optical fiber sensing can measure multi-parameters easily with low cost and high accuracy by employing the SCBSS, which can be used in other optical fiber sensing systems to obtain multi-parameters.