Abstract: In order to more accurately estimate noise intensity for hyperspectral imagery, the paper proposed a noise estimation algorithm based on relevance vector machine(RVM)for hyperspectral imagery. And the algorithm that used RVM regression, residuals and noise was studied. First of all, this paper introduced the characteristics and shortage of spatial/spectral dimension decorrelation in noise estimation that used widely nowadays for hyperspectral imagery. Then, the nonlinear regression analysis of RVM was introduced. And the residuals will be too large, when there was a strong nonlinear correlation in the system for spatial/spectral dimension decorrelation. To this problem, the paper proposed a new method that used RVM regression to remove strong signal correlation and used the residual images to estimate the noise, so as to improve the stability of the assessment system. Experimental results indicate that the precision of the noise intensity is better than 8%, and show that the method is more effective compared to the traditional method. It concludes that the RVM can satisfy the system requirements of higher precision and stabilization in noise estimation for automatic hyperspectral imagery.