Abstract: Because of the unique quantum effect, quantum dots(QDs) have attracted wide attention in various fields for many years. In order to study the nonlinear optical properties of ternary CdxPb1-xSe QDs, a convenient synthesis method of high-quality QDs was developed, on the basis of which the nonlinear optical properties of the QDs were studied using Z-scan technique under 532 nm laser radiation. The results indicate that the high-quality CdxPb1-xSe QDs with uniform size and highly crystalline nature are successfully achieved by a improved one-pot synthesis method with the synthesized N-oleoylmorpholine used as solvent, and that the nonlinear absorption coefficient and nonlinear refractive index of Cd0.5Pb0.5Se were 1.0110-9m/W and -1.110-10 esu, respectively, showing much more remarkable optical nonlinearity compared with binary CdSe QDs. Thus, the ternary CdxPb1-xSe QDs should be of potential in laser protection and photoelectric switch, etc.