Abstract: The spectral bidirectional reflectance distribution function(spectral BRDF) of silicon solar cell panel was measured in the visible spectrum(380-780 nm). The variation of spectral BRDF with wavelength and scattering angle was analyzed. The relationship between the bidirectional reflectance factor in the theory of light scattering and the spectral reflectance factor of colorimetry was obtained by combining the theories of colorimetry and light scattering, a method was developed for characterizing chromaticity characteristics of object using the spectral BRDF. Using the lightness index and chromatic indexes and in CIELAB color system, chromaticity characteristics of target samples was described under the condition of several incident and scattering directions. The application of spectral BRDF of target samples in color optics possesses important values in the detection, identification and color reproduction of target samples.