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试剂:超细红磷(800目),四川什邡三磷化学公司;PAN基碳纤维(1 K),单丝直径7 µm,短切长度1 mm;镁粉(200目),唐山威豪镁粉有限公司;聚四氟乙烯微粉,上海迈瑞尔化学技术有限公司;氟橡胶,上海晨光科慕有限公司;丙酮,国药集团化学试剂有限公司;
仪器:德国Infra Tec公司ImageIR®8355BB型红外热像仪,焦距12 mm,分辨率640×512,全帧151 Hz,半帧540 Hz,光谱范围2.2~5.5 µm,温度范围−10~3000 ℃;南京理工大学与南京源波电子研究所联合研制3 mm被动毫米波辐射计(见图1),射频接收通带≥93.5~95.5 GHz,亮温测试范围250~1000 K,灵敏度≤2 K。
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碳纤维类石墨结构的表面具有一定的化学惰性,难以浸润,而且短切的碳纤维容易聚集成团,为了减少碳纤维的聚集,使碳纤维能够均匀分散在丙酮中便于与药剂进行湿混,需要对碳纤维进行预处理。截取一定长度的碳纤维,在丙酮中浸泡30 min,去胶。用去离子水冲洗去除碳纤维上残余的丙酮后置于浓硝酸中6 h使碳纤维表面氧化,氧化后的碳纤维表面变得粗糙,而且硝酸浸泡后纤维表面的羟基等含氧官能团增多[10]。更易于在丙酮中浸润分散,分散后的碳纤维能更加均匀的混合在烟火药中。
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以1号配方为基础配方,按照表1称取氟橡胶置于已加入丙酮的烧杯中密封,等待氟橡胶溶解。按照比例称取镁粉、聚四氟乙烯,用50目的标准筛过筛3~5次,混合均匀,再加入赤磷,赤磷易燃,不能过筛,手工混匀,备用。待氟橡胶完全溶解后,加入短切碳纤维,超声至碳纤维均匀分散于溶解氟橡胶的丙酮溶液中,再加入混合均匀的药剂,超声并搅拌,然后放入干燥箱中,待丙酮部分挥发,烟火药呈粘稠状时碾压成膜,烘干后裁剪成长8 cm,宽2 cm,厚约0.2 mm,重约0.6 g的长条状薄片样品,如图2所示。1~5号为未添加碳纤维的空白样品,1-0.50~5-0.50为添加了0.5%碳纤维的样品,在3号配方的基础上添加0.25%、0.50%、0.75%、1.00%、1.25%、1.50%、1.75%的碳纤维,分别记为3-0.25C、3-0.50C、3-0.75C、3-1.00C、3-1.25C、3-1.50C、3-1.75C。
Number Carbon fiber (1.0 mm) Mg P PTFE Viton 1 0% 50% 0% 50% 10% 2 0% 45% 5% 3 0% 40% 10% 4 0% 35% 15% 5 0% 30% 20% 1-0.50 0.5% 50% 0% 2-0.50 0.5% 45% 5% 3-0.50 0.5% 40% 10% 4-0.50 0.5% 35% 15% 5-0.50 0.5% 30% 20% 3-0.25C 0.25% 40% 10% 3-0.50C 0.50% 40% 10% 3-0.75C 0.75% 40% 10% 3-1.00C 1.00% 40% 10% 3-1.25C 1.25% 40% 10% 3-1.50C 1.50% 40% 10% 3-1.75C 1.75% 40% 10% Table 1. Design of formulation
Research on infrared/passive millimeter wave compound decoy
doi: 10.3788/IRLA20210455
- Received Date: 2021-11-10
- Rev Recd Date: 2021-12-20
- Available Online: 2022-03-04
- Publish Date: 2022-02-28
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Key words:
- pyrotechnic composition /
- carbon fiber /
- infrared radiation /
- millimeter wave
Abstract: An infrared/passive millimeter wave compound decoy was prepared. On the basis of MTV pyrotechnic composition, red phosphorus was used to replace part of magnesium powder, short carbon fiber was used as a functional additive, and a thin-film pyrotechnic material was prepared. The infrared radiation and millimeter wave radiation properties of this material were tested and analyzed. The research results show that the addition of a small amount of red phosphorus was beneficial to increase the radiation area; When the proportion of red phosphorus added is more than 10%, the average flame temperature, infrared radiation intensity and millimeter wave brightness temperature continue to decrease with the increase of red phosphorus content, after adding a suitable amount of carbon fiber, the burning rate, flame temperature and the infrared radiation are both enhanced; The millimeter wave brightness temperature continues to increase with the increase of carbon fiber content, when the amount of red phosphorus added is 10% and the carbon fiber content increases from 0 to 1.75%, the millimeter wave brightness temperature increased from 330 K to 458 K, brightness temperature greater than 400 K, longer duration.